years, roughly during the corresponding period of the Tang and Song dynasties. The establishment and consolidation of Nanzhao and Dali states put an end to the separatist regimes in the border areas in Yunnan Province in ancient China. Rulers of both Nanzhao and Dali states tried to combine the Chinese civilization in the Central Plains with the culture of the minority groups and extensively assimilate the culture of neighboring countries, thus forming a regional culture with a unique charm.